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The Khaksar movement () was a social movement based in Lahore, British India, established by Allama Mashriqi in 1931 to free India from the rule of the British Empire and establish a Hindu-Muslim government in India.〔De, Amalendu. History of the Khaksar Movement in India, 1931–1947. Kolkata: Parul Prakashani, 2009. Print. Pg 71–72〕 ==History of Khaksar movement== The Khaksar movement began at a time when the Indian economy was experiencing the effects of The Great Depression. This placed an unprecedented amount of stress on all classes of Indian society. After the second Round Table Conference on 5 March 1931 Mahatma Gandhi's civil disobedience movement was halted with the signing of the Gandhi–Irwin Pact. Around this time, Allama Mashriqi, a charismatic Muslim intellectual whom some considered to be of anarchist persuasion,〔 revisited the principles for self-reform and self-conduct that he had laid out in his 1924 treatise, entitled ''Tazkira''. He incorporated them into a second treatise, ''Isharat'', and this served as the foundation for the Khaksar movement,〔 which Roy Jackson has described as being "... essentially to free India from colonial rule and to revive Islam, although it also aimed to give justice and equal rights to all faiths." They took their name from the Persian words ''khak'' and ''sar'', respectively meaning ''dust'' and ''life'' and roughly combined to translate as "humble person".〔 Adopting the language of revolution,〔 Mashriqi began recruiting followers to his cause in his village of Ichhra near Lahore. An early report said that the movement began with 90 followers. It quickly expanded, adding 300 young members within a few weeks.〔De, Amalendu. History of the Khaksar Movement in India, 1931–1947. Kolkata: Parul Prakashani, 2009. Print. Pg 72-23〕 By 1942 it was reported that the membership was four million and Jackson remarks that it was "phenomenal in its success."〔 In 1934 Mashriqi had founded ''Al-Islah'', a weekly newspaper for the Khaksar movement. On 4 October 1939 after the commencement of the Second World War, Mashriqui, who was then in Lucknow jail, offered to increase the size of the organisation to help with the war effort. He offered a force of 30,000 well drilled soldiers for the internal defence of India, 10,000 for the police, and 10,000 to provide help for Turkey or to fight on European soil. His offer was not accepted. Mashraqi was released from Vellore Jail on 19 January 1942, but his movements were restricted to Madras Presidency. He remained interned until 28 December 1942. Mashraqi arrived in New Delhi on 2 January 1942.〔Syed Shabbir Hussain, ''Al-Mashriqi: The Disowned Genius'', 1991, page 180, Publisher: Jang Publisher, Lahore, Pakistan.〕 Allama Mashriqi disbanded the Khaksar Tehrik on 4 July 1947 considering that the Muslims of India were more than satisfied after the hope of new separate Muslim state i.e. Pakistan and they had lost all the motivation which could match the requirements of Khaksar Tehrik. In October 1947, after the creation of Pakistan, Mashriqi founded the Islam League. Khaksar Tehrik was revived after his death and now operates in different parts of Pakistan. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Khaksars」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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